【微分積分】3-4-3 n階導関数の計算|要点まとめ
このページでは、大学数学・微分積分で学ぶ「n階導関数の計算」を、定義・計算方法・応用例を含めてわかりやすく整理します。例題と問題集形式で、n階導関数の理解を深め、微分法の応用力を身につけたい方に最適です。
n階導関数の定義と計算方法
【例題】次の関数の\(n\)階導関数を答えなさい。
(1)\(f(x)=2^x\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=2^x(\log2)^n\)
(2)\(\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{1}{x^2-4x+3}\)
\(\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x-3}-\frac{1}{x-1}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=\frac{1}{2}\left\{\frac{(-1)^nn!}{(x-3)^{n+1}}-\frac{(-1)^nn!}{(x-1)^{n+1}}\right\}\)
\(\displaystyle =\frac{(-1)^nn!}{2}\left\{\frac{1}{(x-3)^{n+1}}-\frac{1}{(x-1)^{n+1}}\right\}\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=\frac{1}{2}\left\{\frac{(-1)^nn!}{(x-3)^{n+1}}-\frac{(-1)^nn!}{(x-1)^{n+1}}\right\}\)
\(\displaystyle =\frac{(-1)^nn!}{2}\left\{\frac{1}{(x-3)^{n+1}}-\frac{1}{(x-1)^{n+1}}\right\}\)
(3)\(f(x)=\sin x\cos x\)
\(\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{1}{2}\sin2x\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=\frac{1}{2}・2^n\sin\left(2x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle =2^{n-1}\sin\left(2x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=\frac{1}{2}・2^n\sin\left(2x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle =2^{n-1}\sin\left(2x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
(4)\(f(x)=\sin^3x\)
\(\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{3\sin x-\sin3x}{4}\)
\(f^{(n)}(x)\)
\(\displaystyle =\frac{3}{4}\sin\left(x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)-\frac{3^n}{4}\sin\left(3x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
\(f^{(n)}(x)\)
\(\displaystyle =\frac{3}{4}\sin\left(x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)-\frac{3^n}{4}\sin\left(3x+\frac{n\pi}{2}\right)\)
(5)\(f(x)=e^x\sin x\)
\(f'(x)=e^x\sin x+e^x\cos x\)
\(=e^x(\sin x+\cos x)\)
\(\displaystyle =\sqrt{2}e^x\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=(\sqrt{2})^ne^x\sin\left(x+\frac{n\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(=e^x(\sin x+\cos x)\)
\(\displaystyle =\sqrt{2}e^x\sin\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right)\)
\(\displaystyle f^{(n)}(x)=(\sqrt{2})^ne^x\sin\left(x+\frac{n\pi}{4}\right)\)
次の学習に進もう!